PANS (Paediatric Acute-onset Neuropsychiatric Syndrome) and PANDAS (Paediatric Autoimmune Neuropsychiatric Disorders Associated with Streptococcal Infections) are neuropsychiatric conditions caused by immune dysregulation that can cause severe and sudden-onset symptoms in children. They can bring on sudden and distressing symptoms like OCD, anxiety, tics, and behavioural regression. This can be incredibly tough for both children and their families. It can be difficult for families to get the treatment their child needs. When they do, antibiotics, anti-inflammatory medications, and sometimes psychiatric support are offered. Nutrition is an important part of supporting recovery, reducing inflammation, balancing neurotransmitters, and improving immune health. Many parents search for further support for managing PANS/PANDAS, and targeted functional nutritional therapy can be part of this.
How Nutrition and Functional Medicine Can Help with PANS and PANDAS
These conditions are linked to immune system disruptions, neuroinflammation, and imbalances in the gut-brain axis. That means that children’s diet, deficiencies or sub-optimal levels of nutrients can have a real impact on their symptoms. Targeted nutrition support can help manage inflammation and regulate immune system activity.
The Role of Antibiotics in Treating PANS and PANDAS – Benefits and Risks
Antibiotics are commonly used to manage PANS and PANDAS, particularly when bacterial infections are suspected triggers. While they can be very effective in controlling symptoms, they can also impact beneficial gut bacteria. This can throw the gut microbiome off balance, further disrupting the immune system, leading to reliance on antibiotics for long term symptoms management and potential worsening of symptoms when transitioning off them. There is the risk of developing further gut issues which may worsen neuropsychiatric symptoms. Supporting gut health during and after antibiotics is important.
Anti-Inflammatory Diet for PANS and PANDAS: Fighting Neuroinflammation with Food.
Inflammation in the brain plays a huge role in PANS and PANDAS, which is why an anti-inflammatory diet can be so helpful. Omega-3 fatty acids are especially great at calming inflammation and supporting brain function. This likely needs to be in the lengthened form from fish oil and at a therapeutic dose. Antioxidant-rich foods can help combat oxidative stress, protecting the brain. On the flip side, processed foods, refined sugars, gluten, and dairy can be problematic for some children, potentially worsening symptoms. Parents looking at their options to manage PANS/PANDAS often explore anti-inflammatory diets and gut-friendly nutrients alongside a full functional assessment to identify any systems in need of support.
Gut Health: The Key to a Stronger Immune System
A healthy gut is essential for both digestion and brain function, making it a top priority when managing PANS and PANDAS. Bone broth and collagen provide essential amino acids that help repair the gut lining, which can be weakened by infections and antibiotic use. Keeping both upper digestion and the gut microbiome in good shape is one of the best ways to support both the immune system.
Protecting Gut Health During Antibiotic Use
For children who need frequent or long-term antibiotics, maintaining gut health is even more important. Taking good quality probiotics alongside antibiotics can help counterbalance some of the negative effects. Saccharomyces boulardii, a beneficial yeast, is particularly useful in preventing antibiotic-associated diarrhoea and supporting the immune system in the gut. Nutrients like L-glutamine, zinc carnosine, and aloe vera can also help support gut lining, while cutting down on sugar and processed foods can prevent harmful bacteria and yeast from taking over. This can be particularly tricky when using antibiotics, because when pathogenic yeasts spread in the gut cravings for sweet foods can increase significantly.
Essential Nutrients for Healing
Some vitamins and minerals are particularly important for children with PANS and PANDAS. Magnesium is useful for calming the nervous system, improving relaxation, and supporting neurotransmitter function, making it especially helpful for kids who struggle with anxiety and restlessness. Zinc is another powerhouse, helping to regulate the immune system and support neurotransmitter balance while reducing oxidative stress. Vitamin D is crucial for modulating immunity and reducing inflammation, and many children with PANS and PANDAS have low levels of this vitamin. Finally, B vitamins are essential for energy production and neurological function, helping to combat fatigue, irritability, and cognitive issues. Many children who struggle with PANS and PANDAS can have methylation issues which may require more targeted support.
Personalising Nutritional Support for Your Child
Nutritional approaches need to be personalised, as not all children will require the same support, diet, or supplements. Every child is different, so nutritional therapy should always be tailored to their specific needs. Working with a functional nutrition practitioner can help identify potential imbalances and deficiencies, ensuring a targeted and effective approach to support recovery and well-being. This does not always have to involve expensive functional tests. Experienced practitioners can assess signs, symptoms, and health history to identify clinical needs and develop safe, practical, and effective programmes tailored to the child’s individual requirements.
