Coeliac disease is a chronic autoimmune disorder that affects the small intestine. It is caused by a reaction to gluten, a protein found in wheat, barley, and rye. When people with coeliac disease consume gluten, their immune system mistakenly attacks the small intestine lining, causing inflammation and damage. The only treatment for coeliac disease is a strict gluten-free diet. However, some people with coeliac disease may still experience digestive issues despite removing gluten from their diets. In this blog, we explore the possible reasons why this may occur.
Cross-Contamination
Even a small amount of gluten can trigger an immune response in people with coeliac disease. Cross-contamination occurs when gluten-containing foods come into contact with gluten-free foods during preparation, cooking, or serving. For example, using the same toaster for gluten-free and regular bread can contaminate the gluten-free bread. Similarly, using the same knife to spread butter on regular and gluten-free bread can lead to cross-contamination. People with coeliac disease need to be careful and vigilant about avoiding cross-contamination to prevent digestive issues.
Other Food Intolerances
Some people with coeliac disease may also have other food intolerances that can cause digestive issues. For example, dairy intolerance is common in people with coeliac disease. Some people find they cannot tolerate gluten-free oats either. This is because some foods have similar amino acid sequences to the gliadins and glutenins found in gluten; the immune system reacts to these. This is called cross-reactivity, and it can include the following foods; dairy, oats, millet, coffee and cocoa.
Disrupted digestion
Sometimes the digestive tract needs some support to repair. This could be the case if you are experiencing bloating or reflux or showing signs of any nutrient deficiencies. You may not be absorbing nutrients well, and seeking the support of a clinical nutritionist would help you overcome your digestive problems and begin to absorb nutrients better.
Gut Microbiome Imbalance
The gut microbiome is a microbiome of microorganisms living in the lower gut. These microorganisms are vital for digestion, immunity, and overall health. Research suggests that people with coeliac disease may have an imbalance in their gut microbiome, even after adopting a gluten-free diet. This imbalance can lead to digestive issues, such as bloating, constipation, and diarrhoea. Probiotics and prebiotics may help restore the gut microbiome’s balance and alleviate digestive issues.
Psychological Factors
Psychological factors, such as stress, anxiety, and depression, can also contribute to digestive issues in people with coeliac disease. Living with a chronic illness can be challenging, and it is essential to manage the psychological aspects of the disease. Stress-reducing activities, such as yoga, meditation, and exercise, can help to alleviate psychological stress and improve digestive symptoms.
People with coeliac disease may still experience digestive issues despite removing gluten from their diets. Cross-contamination, cross-reactivity, other food intolerances, gut microbiome and digestive imbalances, and psychological factors can all contribute to digestive issues. Working with a nutritionist to identify and manage underlying issues is essential to improve digestive symptoms and overall health.
If you would like advice on your health concerns and symptoms do get in touch.